Improvement in pi pe-m-olding



y. .UNITED STATES PATENT `l OFFICE.

JOHN Eiern AND JOHN INGHAM, or rHiLmPsEUEc, nEwJEEsEY.` f

IMPROVEMENT IN PIPE-MDLDING.

Spccllication forming part of Letters Patent No. 26,486, dated December Q0 1950 sections of the mold in the process of formation,`a: :v y y in Fig. 3 indicating the planes of section. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of Fig. l, taken in the linee e.

Similar letters of reference `indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to an improvelnent in dry-sand molding for castingsmall pipes, whose molds have heretofore been necessarily jointed in order to admit of blaekwashing and i the ring.

to remove the belt or boss patterns.

The object of our invention is to form the molds without joints for casting with belts or bosses, and blackwash the same in a perfect manner, as hereinafter fully described.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct our invention, we will proceed to describe it.

A represents what we term a bottom plate,77 which is an inverted shell provided with an opening, a, of circular form in its up-` per surface, the bottom plate having two slots or openings, b b, at opposite points in its side, both of which are shown in Fig. 2. i

B represents a flask, which is fitted verti cally on the bottom plate, A, and adjusted properly thereon by guide-pins c c, which areat the lower end of the flask, and fit in holes in the upper surface of the bottom plate, as shown clearlyvin Fig. 2. The flask B is secured to the bottom plate by clamps dd, which are also shown in Fig. 2. On the top of the iiask B another dask, C, is secured by clamps e. Any proper number of flasks may be used, as circumstances may require. The ilasks B C aie each formed of two longitudinal parts connected by clamps g, as usual.

D is the body-pattern, which is of cylindrical form, or of a form corresponding to the pipes to be cast, and also corresponding to their external dimensions. This body-pattern has a flexible ring, E, placed on it, said beveled at its ends. The lring E, when den` diameter of the bodyfpattern, but when ad` to receive the lower edge of the body-pattern, I

of the ask, the sand` i being rammed around` tern is introduced to -iormthe` socket-mold j, as shown in Fig.2. 'lfhe bodypattern 3D is then raised and withdrawn from the flasks B course, freely dropping in consequence of con-` leaves it,

belt or boss ou the pipe. f

tity of blackwash poured on it.

the handle raised or withdrawn.

casting-pit, and are readyifor the core and ring being cut or divided, as shown at 7L, and x i tached from the body-pattern, will,on acf; `1 count of its elasticity, coil `up or contract,; forming a ring considerably `smallerthan the justed on said pattern "the `ends of thel ring i willjustbe in contact, as shown in FigQS. i 1 i The mold is formed as follows: The flask :B` l i is secured on the bottoniplate, A, andthe; body-pattern D fitting directly over thelhole` i a, which serves as a guidefor the central adfi 1 justment of the body-pattern within theflask: B, the sides of the hole being made inclinedi as shown in Fig. `2l. Sandi is then rammed1 d down in the iiask Bbetween the body-pattern; f D and the flask, and ring E is iitted on the body-pattern-and adjusted upon it so that its y upper edge will be in line withthe upperedgei i.

The iiask G is then secured to the top of flask B and rammed with sand i, pre` cisely the same as the flask B. Asocketvpat-` i C, and the ring E is stripped from the body-f pattern as the latteris withdrawn, and it i drops within the bottomplate, A, the ring,of

tracting or coiling as soon as tliepattern DL The ring, as willbe seen,fo`rms 1. A, the recess e in the mold for the casting `of the ,y

The molds after being thus formed areblack-f` i y washed as follows: `We employa brush, F,`of.i i round form and somewhat larger in diameterl 1 i l` than the mold. To this brush a handle orf: cord, G, is attached, and the brushis enteredl into the top of the mold and asufcient quanj p The brushis 1. i then lowered down through the mold.` Ifah i "1; handle be used, the handle `is detached when'fl l" Il the brush is at the Vbottom ofthe moldjandm` If a.cord,"ii G, be used, as shown in the drawings, thecordi i y ,i y is dropped throughlthe bottom` otthe mold. jl The molds,afterbeingblackwashed,areplaced,i i, bodily or entire in the oven anddried,;and f then removed bodily and lowered intothe i iron, no further manipulation being required.` ,y

rlhe molds of small pipes-those of two inches diameter and less-have not hitherto been blackwashed in full length, (nine feet.) The molds have been parted for this purpose. Then, again, as belts or bosses are generally required on small pipes, in molding the pipes vertically it has been hitherto necessary to employ patterns to form the recesses e for casting the belts or bosses, said patterns being rigid rings and placed around the body-pattern at suitable points, and remaining in the mold when the body-pattern is withdrawn; hence the necessity of parting the molds in order to re move said patterns or rings. This parting ofthe molds asV practiced by the old methodof molding involves considerable labor and expense. lt is necessary to have guide-pins and pinholes in the joints of the iiasks to be parted, so that the parts can be replaced with pre cision. In ramming up the molds the molder must make sand joints at each of the iiaskjoints. It is also necessary in all cases that each part of the iask shouldbe clamped rmly in its place as they are rammed up. Vhen the mold is rammed up and the body-pattern is withdrawn, the melder must remove the clamps from the joints to be parted, after which the mold is commonly parted into three lengths of about three feet each in length. The belt or boss patterns are then removed, and the short lengths ofmold are blackwashed as follows: The melder has a hemp swab so small that it will swing around in the mold, yet so large that when well saturated with blackwashit will contain enough to blaekwash the three-feet length of mold at once. The melder holds this swab by the tip end, and when he has entered the lower end into the mold he gives the upper end of the swab a sharp rotary mot-ion. Jlhen, lowering the swab quickly down the mold, its momentum keeps it rotating sufficiently long for the lower end of the swab to blackwash the mold to the bottom, after which the swab is withdrawn and the operation on that part of the mold is finished. The other parts are blackwashed in a similar manner, and they ai e then placed into the oven and dried, after which they are taken tothe casting-pit, pnt together, and the joints reclamped irmly. This latter operation-reclai'nping-is attended with considerable difficulty. The joints must not only be tight, but the mold must be straight, and to accomplish this requires much time and ability. Then one part ofthe mold is placed upon another, a straight-edge must be put into the mold and the wedges driven in the clamps till the mold is straight on two sides, after which the other part is put on and the straightening process repeated. After this the mold is ready for the core and the iron.

From the above description it will be readily seen, especially bymolders or those skilled in the art, that the forming of molds without joints is extremely useful and valuable. In the rst place, there is no use for steady-pins inthe cross-joints. This saves much in the iirst cost of flasks. ln the next place the molder has no sand joints to make, neither has he to take off the clamps from the joints and separate his flasks into three parts, nor take out the beltpatterns. By our improvement, the molds being entire or in one piece, they are conveyed bodily to the even, and, when dried, removed therefrom to the casting-pit at one operation. XVe save,therefore, the entire amount of labor formerly needed to put the several parts of the mold together, clamp, and straighten them. Y We also save much indirectly. The difficulty in getting the ymolds straight in the old method is sometimes so great that the work is imperfectly done, and the pipes are frequently injured or spoiled on an accountV of the molds not being quite straight; and as we do not disturb the .clamps we are enabled to make this class of pipes in twelve-feet lengths. This according to the old mode of molding is impracticable Twelve-feet lengths could be made; but the risk and difficulty being so great the making of them in that way is precluded.

By our arrangement of blackwashing the work may be expeditiously done. The brush used, as shown, is allowed to conform or adjust itself to the Varying diameter of the mold, and as it bears all around on the inner side of the mold and is supplied with the blackwash while near the top of the same, it will be seen that the desircdwork will vbe done by simply lowering the brush.

le would remark that the flexible ring may be constructed of leather with steel springs fitted therein, or steel alone may be used. W e do not, however, confine ourselves to any particular material.

Ve wish it to be distinctly understood that we do not claim, broadly, the employment or use of a brush for blackwashing, for ordinary hand-brushes are now used for blackwashing large pipe-molds; but,

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is-

l. The employment or use of the iiexible or elastic ring Ein connection with the bodypattern D, flasks B C, and bottom plate A, or its equivalent, for the purpose specified.

2. Blackwashing the molds by means of a' brush, F., or an equivalent device, supplied with the blackwash and passed through the molds, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

J QHN FIR'IH. JOHN INGHAM.

Vitnesses:v

LORENZO Beans, ENocH G. PRAUL. 

